What is a risk assessment framework for safety planning in crisis or suicidality?

• A. Assess lethality, means, location, timing; remove access to lethal means; create a written safety plan with crisis resources.
• B. Only document the crisis without making a safety plan.
• C. Rely on client self-report without collateral information.
• D. Avoid creating written resources to reduce burden.

Answer: (A)

In crisis or suicidality, a practical risk assessment framework centers on immediate danger and concrete steps to reduce it. It starts with evaluating lethality, the means available, the location, and the timing—together these elements reveal how imminent the risk is and what pathways are most accessible to act. Then, as a critical safety measure, you remove access to lethal means to create a safer environment and prevent impulsive actions. The backbone of the plan is a written safety plan that specifies warning signs, coping strategies, supportive contacts, and crisis resources. Having this written plan ensures the person has a clear, actionable set of steps to follow when distress spikes, even if memory or focus is compromised.

The other approaches fall short because they either miss a structured, actionable plan or rely only on self-report without additional safeguards or resources. A safety plan provides both an assessment-informed response and a tangible guide for getting help during a crisis.